Monotheism
A Sun God's Evolution?
Charles Darwin (the naturalist) with his evolutional 1859 book titiled "Origin of Species" is still a debated topic when ever religion and goverment "meat" head on! A quick glance through the Constitution of the United States of America "God" is not mentioned in the main body of this doucment.Well the first Amendment to the Constitution states: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion,or prohibiting the free excerise there of; or abridging the freedom of speech,or of the press,or the right of the people to peaceably to assemble,and to petition the goverment for a redress of grievances." How then has Religion been included into the operation and function of the United States? In many public schools "A one nation under God" phrase is constantly repeated by growing impressionable children on a daily basis.By the time these children study the constitution they are programmed by repetition into taking the text of the first amendment for granted! Look at your money! "In God we trust " is engraved on billions of coins and billions of dollars.The Federal Goverment assumes that millions of Americans trust a "God".Why? Why? Why? Many Americans obtain this currency At thier "Job" a (old testament character)! Religion has been intergrated into American civilization so extensively that many citizens do not realize how they have been brainwashed! Yes I am using a science fiction term to describe the mental state of the United States population! Engraved Plaques of the "Ten commandments" are posted outside many a court house and goverment building.These Religious laws that inspire a fear of a god greet those supertitious people before they solemly swear to tell the truth by placing Thier hand on a leather bounded "Bible".To tell the turth! They have no f**king clue about all this unrightious bulls**t.The concept of Evolution is somtimes excluded from education and I'm sure fierce legal battles are being waged in these kangaroo courts "as i type" over the way religion is taught to the students in public schools.
As you journey down this page through history you will find the many almost undeniable facts that the modern day religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are the evolution of a many different ancient solar "sun"worshiping religions.Religious and political organizations in ancient civilizations evolve like plants and animals that physicaly adapt to the enviroment.With a average of about four generations of human decendants per century ideals which are the foundation for these institutions change with the growth of the population.A human being can reach 100 years in age. When the Hierarchical Structure of religious and political organizations work together for at least two to four generations great changes in civilization can happen or consolidations of asslimitated peoples be converted to national belief systems by law and steel.The change of civilization can be called Generational Evolution.Notice how rational is in Generational!
But the question I cannot anwser is Why? Why? Why? would the our modern day goverment cling to ancient supertisitions .Perhaps because the main function goverment and religion have shared throughout history is the control of a human population through FEAR to build stupid phallic monuments and empires for egotistic dictators. The mystery of the Hierarchical Structure!
But first let us begin our journey where the modern "History" has hidden the past in mystery.
PRE-HISTORY
In any study of ancient religon and politics,yes magic and superstitution are all interlaced in a tapestry of mythical folklore that clouds our modern view of history that passed long ago. A student in the public school of the United States would be educated briefly on only several early "civilizations" usually Egypt,Greece,and Rome.But who moved the great stones of Europe into stone circle arrangements? What was thier Reasons? What was thier religons?
To understand stone age history you must first close your eyes and imagine yourself and your family living in a cold wooden hut with a smoldering fire the only protection from the winter There are no computers,automobiles, television, or internet for entertainment just the stories from your father around the sacerd fire.Your hungry but thier is little grain from the fall harvest but father says that the great sun (male god) shall soon be reborn in the 13th lunar (female moon goddess) month on the winter solistice he shall journey to the ring of stones to see the sun finally be reborn according to the sunrise alignment with "calendar stones".He says that mother will soon bless you with a brother or sister that will grow to help us reap the next harvest in the comming season.For brother has died hunting the great bear recently.
The Cycle of birth,life,death, and rebirth ,or the changing seasons, is The Historical Story of the Natural & Ancient World.Your family, food, and the changing seasons were the foundations of Agricultural civilizations in the late stone age of human history from 10,000 BC. The brave early men and women who settled down to build civilization were farmers and mythical religon or folk tales were the explaination to the next generation of humans of the world in which they lived. The earth wind rain sun trees animals (the enviroment) was very much alive and surrounded the humans who existed then.
Woman gave birth to man. The full moon would shine about every 28 days the length of a average womans reproductive menstruation cycle.The Earth gave birth to the bread,fruits,and vegetables of the Earth every spring.Society was said to be generaly formed along a Matrilinear descent. (through the womans side) because man worshiped the divine gift of fertility that woman ,the earth and the moon (dew or rain) gifted unto him.Sir James Frazer's "Golden Bough" and Robert Grave's "The White Goddess" are two great books that record this history that trace the evolution of religious pratices throughout the ancient civilized world. (0)
The sun ,moon ,stars and planets; The fields, forests, oceans, animals the whole of nature was man and woman's home and was generally personified as "gods & goddesses".Each culture no matter the language or reigon or ethinic difference the cycle of birth,life,death,and rebirth was observed and most ancient beliefs were different in title or name only.
Cresent moon hornshaped headresses adorned the moon goddess ,the god of the wild woodlands half-man half-animal was usually horned. Neptune ,the ocean god, carries the trident a pitchforked type weapon. Why has these ancient religious personifications of nature been fused into a representation of the Judeo-Christian-Islamic "Devil" or Satan which means adversary? Why would nature worship be so demonized? Nature worship is totaly natural for a human (example Native American Indian) evenmore so in today's modern world as civilizations and corporations build over and destroy our enviroment.As nature is destroyed by man,we cannot let the memory of pristine nature be left for books to teach our children.
The passage of time figures into many beliefs in the ancient world.That ancient man used a 13 month lunar calendar until around The adoption of the Julian Calendar (named for Julius Caesar) was based on the 365 solar Egyptian model calander.And the number 13 is still tabooed in the modern world as being unlucky.Why? Because formerly lunar calendars were connected with moon goddess worship and the fact that the 13th month was the coldest month in the year when food was scarce.Agricultural society or the beginning of civilization was subject to the Earth's cycle of life,death,and rebirth.Patriarchial Society (descent through the male line) with kings, chiefs,and priests would be those "civilizations"that many are told to study. Those of Egypt,Greece,Rome,and holy cow who would guess Israel ("is real").Large phallic momuments built by slaves,armies overrunning helpless countries over and over through history forcing populations to accept cutural assliminations.Empires, gold treasures and other destructive dreams of stupidity would be our great legacy of partiarchial civilization.High-tech Industrial civilization will last only 100 years or so before all the oil is gone.Pyramids, corporations, goverments, and religious movements are all Hierarchical Organizations.So let us look closer at the details of these past "civilizations".
I begin my study of monothiesm with ancient Egypt.The ancient Sumerians (who lived in city-states in Mesopotamia) also worshiped the sun and built lagre pryamid shaped structures called "ziggernauts" in modern day Iraq but the Egyptian style of Sun worship led to the creation of monothiesm.Being that the Egyptians emerged as the first large empire of western recorded civilization, religion played a large role in unifing the population to create this monster among men.
(1) In The 18th dynasty of the Egyptian ruling class Amenhotep IV (1369-1334 BC) changed the religion of Egypt.Commonly known as Akenaten he changed the worship of the many different Egyptian gods into the state worship of Aten. (the Sun god) he even moved the capitial of the empire to distance his court from the temples of the other gods.When the people came to see him, just seeing the pharaoh and this soliditary temple must have made people wonder.Now since complex civilizations are governed by the Hierarchical Structure most of the ruling class the priests and nobelmen had to been enraged.No longer along the Nile were the priests receiving( crop, money, offerings ) to the different temples.The territory goverened by Egypt in Palestine dissolved.Akenaten was happy to worship the sun. Recorded ancient history is vague on the death of Akennaten but the next pharaoh was Tutankhamun (1334-1325) or "king tut" the boy king with lots of treasure in his tomb.During his short reign the many gods of Egypt was resumed and all the money loving priests must have been happy again.(2)
About 55 years later during 19th dynasty in the reign of Rameses II 1279-1212 the biblical story of Exodus is reported to have taken place.Was Moses really hebrew? Was moses a holdover of Akenatem's experiment in monothiesm? The Aten religion could have easily been still alive and the exdous probally was the expulsion of egyptians who refused to aknowledege the Law of a strong monarch in Rameses II.Rameses reasserted egyptian control of her territory evident in relief paintings and his large building projects.The people of egypt probally did not see themselves as slaves.They probally built the massive temples out of love or fear of thier gods.Remember that many primitive ancient people were very supertitious and that Egypt being the first and longest ruling Empire of civilization what other cruel empire would they have to compare thier sufferings to?The Hebrews as Slaves? That ideal doesn't float well.The only argument that a Hebrew can claim against this theory is the flood story? The flood theme in the ancient world is common in most all cultures except Egypt. Moses raised as a royal family member? Royal Egypitians married thier brothers and sisters because they thought they were living gods. If the ancient Egypitians even thought of thier subjects as slaves is debatable. But thier was a difference between common people and the Hierarchical Structural Class.To be a member in the Hierarchical Structural Class was a hereditary position.The priesthood, pharaoh's royal family,tomb builders,artistans etc... were passed along father to son.Moses must have been a Egypitian to be raised as a royal familiy member and 55 years is only 2 generations.Since Moses was said to have had a long life and been a part of the royal familiy his stubborn belief to Akenaten's monothiesm and the fractional population that still followed those ideals could have been seen as a political liability to Rameses and rather than start a civil war this fraction of the population was sent to the frontier of Canaan or Plaestine and modern day Israel .
The Egyptians having used agriculture to create stores of excess grain for bad times enabled the population to grow large and build thier massive monuments.The preists housed in temples along the river Nile owned large farming areas.So in Egypt you built big temples for your daily bread or you hunted something in the desert. The advent of agriculture must have seemed like a gift from the gods and so the people followed....
ISRAEL
(0) In Plutarch's "Convivial Questions" Jehovah (the god of the Hebrews) has been equated with the Sabazius Dionysus the barley god of Thrace and Phrygia. Tacitus records in his (History vol.5) " some maintain that the rites of the Jews were founded in the honor of Dionysus".Also the Roman historian Valerius Maximus records about 139 BC the Praetor of Foreigners C. Cornelius Hispallus expelled from Rome certain Jews who were trying to corrupt roman morals by a pretended cult of Sabazian Jove.The serpent was sacred to Sabazius and this recalls the Brazen Seraph Ne-esthan or Nehushtan which moses used as a standard a bronze shaped staff of Egyption origin.But this is not the whole story of Jehovah.He has been called Cronos (roman Saturn) the Greek father of Zeus (Jupiter) the thunder god.The Sabbath is still held on Saturday named for Saturn.While in Egypt Jehovah was Set the donkey ass eared desert god. Iahu a title given to the Jewish Jehovah was first recored as a name for Egyptian Set and Isis.
"Let there be light" the first thing created on Sunday in the genesis creation story should be a clue as to the nature of the worship of this god of the Hebrews.That the Christians worship the "Sun of God" on "Sunday" is also a no brainer. The Menorah a 7 brached candle stick used in thier worship and rites formerly symbolizing the heavenly bodys as days of the week.Sun,Moon,Mars,Venus,Mercury,Jupiter,Saturn.At the Feast of Lights or of Illumination mentioned in (John X,22 and Josephus's Antiquities,XII,7,7) was the ancient Hebrew winter solstice feast,an eight branched candlestick was used and is still in Jewish synagogues known as the Chanukah candlestick.Thus Ancient Jehovah's birthday as a sun god when the sun is reborn in the winter solstice is the same as Zeus,the persian Mithras,and later Jesus the son "sun" of god.The Jewish ideal of heaven is refered to as "the 8 fold city of light" and this Chanukah candle stick was a replacement for the menorah.The Logos or word was said to dwell in this city of light. The ture name of ancient gods were held as closely guarded secerts.But the real name of the Jewish god was changed to 8 letters and made up 8 vowel formations I,E,e,U,o,A,OU,O or JEHUOVAO instead of the early version of JIEVOAO. The Ancient Hebrews have two interlocking triangles as thier national symbol called the "Star of David" and this symbol would recall the pyramid structures in Egypt and remember the ancestorial memory of sun worship while either being held captive as the bible has told,or actually being Egyptians who were expelled or left Egypt is a intellectial mystery that only a unbiased Archeologist will one day reveal or uncover.The Catholic custom of sprinkling ones body with holy water would also give connection to other sky gods such as Zeus the Greek thundergod since rain is critical to the growth of crops in a arid reigon. The passage of the earth through the seasons led early societies to have temporary kings of the season or human personifications of the waxing and waning sun.In spring and summer you had your good god and during fall and winter you had his dark twin or demon- devil type being. Hercules the Greek son of Zeus was a general prototype of the divine human kingship.Nowhere, apparently, have these rites been more widely and solemnly celebrated than in the lands which border the Eastern Mediterranean. Under the names of:Osiris (Egypt),son of goddess Isis
Tammuz (Syria),son of goddess Ishtar
Adonis (Phoenicia),son of goddess Astare
Attis (Phrygia modern Turkey) son of goddess Cybele
Llew Llaw Gyffes (Britian) son of goddess Arianrhod
Jesus Christ (Israel) son of the Virgin Mary
The peoples of Europe,Egypt and Western Asia represented the yearly decay and revival of life, especially of vegetable life, which they personified as a god who annually died and rose again from the dead.This Phoenician Adonis festival appears to have been a vernal one, for its date was determined by the discoloration of the river Adonis, and this has been observed by modern travellers to occur in spring. At that season the red earth washed down from the mountains by the rain tinges the water of the river, and even the sea, for a great way with a blood-red hue, and the crimson stain was believed to be the blood of Adonis, annually wounded to death by the boar on Mount Lebanon.Phrygia's Attis a (agriculturial god) was killed yearly by nailing him to a pine tree.Osiris of Egypt was chopped into 13 peices by Set and thrown all around Egypt.But Isis his wife put him back together and he was reborn.And Jesus christ was born during the winter solistice and nailed to a (tree) cross and reborn at the Spring Equinox.Many of these human kings were killed in imititation of the cycle of seasons. Numbers being important for ancient peoples the number 12 was common.Hercules performed 12 Labors with him included 13 .The astrological zodiac from Bablyon was a 12 station cycle.The Olympian gods of greece numbered 12.Jesus had 12 disciples and with him included that was 13. King Authur of Britian had 12 knights at the round table counting him also you had 13.This transition from marking the calendar from 13 to 12 months has left many stories and characters that have come down through history.Greece
The road that Leads to modern monothiesm runs through but does not stop in Greece. Athens and the political theory of democracy is the precursor of the Roman republic and the United States.Greece in her "Golden Age"(500-300BC) gave birth to a vast body of literature her writers and thier drama, comedy,science,philosophy,history,religion,rethoric,and logicical thinking seem to be a foundation for western civilization.Greece a nation of city states lacked the unity to conqueor the whole mediterranean basin.The Delian League lead by Athens created strong economic trade pacts with the smaller islands of the Agean sea creating a powerful navy to protect thier interests abroad.The Spartans Athens's arch enemy created the Peloponnesian League with many other greek mainland allies.Sparta was an "oligarchy" and Athens was a "democracy". Unitng to fend of the Persian Empire (648-330BC) twice these arch enemys were soon at each other again.Greece after "The Peloponnesian War" was a weak nation suffering many deaths.To the north Phillip II (382-386BC) of Macedon began to conqueor the greek city-states.His son Alexander (356BC-323) finished the unification of Greece and entered Asia to destroy the Persian Empire.Alexanders ruthless military campaigning sowed the seeds of the Greek culture to the near east.The subjected Peoples embraced Greek lanaguage and literature. The Greeck settlements in siclicy, Italy, Europe, Aisa Minor, Palenstine, and Egypt created a meltingpot of culutral customs and ideals.
The Geeck people paid tribute to a wide variety of gods and goddesses.Many of these were but human representations of "heavenly Bodies" Ares (mars) Aphroditie (venus) Apollo (the sun) Zeus (jupiter) and so on...Many of the local gods of the subject peoples were superseeded, absorbed, or equated to greek deitys.In Egypt Following the death of Alexander "the Great" in 323 BC, his successors (the Diadochoi) succeeded to the various parts of the empire, with the satrapy of Egypt being allotted to one of his generals. Ptolemy I Soter, the first of the Macedonian kings to rule Egypt (323-283 BC), introduced a new syncretistic god to provide Alexandria with a patron deity and unite the Greek and Egyptian population of the city. Derived from Osiris and Apis, who had a cult at Memphis (where, in an underground chamber, the sacred bulls of Apis were ritualistically buried in massive stone sarcophagi), Serapis (Sarapis) also came to be identified with Asclepius, the god of healing, as well as with Dionysus and Pluto. At his feet sat the three-headed dog Cerberus, the guardian of the underworld.
"In the city on the borders of Egypt which boasts Alexander of Macedon as its founder, Serapis and Isis are worshiped with a reverence that is almost fanatical. Evidence that the sun, under the name of Serapis, is the object of all this reverence is either the basket set on the head of the god or the figure of a three-headed creature placed by his statue. The middle head of this figure, which is also the largest, represents a lion's; on the right a dog raises its head with a gentle and fawning air; and on the left the neck ends in the head of a ravening wolf. All three beasts are joined together by the coils of a serpent whose head returns to the god's right hand which keeps the monster in check." (4) Macrobius, Saturnalia (I.20.13)
In the ancient religions of Egypt Isis was the goddess of Life and her symbol was the ankh, which was the symbol of life. She was known as" The Queen of Heaven". She was the Great Mother and she was the corn goddess and goddess of the rain and wind; she was Mistress of the word of god; she was all powerful and the ordinary person would turn to her for protection and for prayer in times of trouble. She was the perfect wife and perfect mother; her name meant to give the heart, ib, to her spouse, Osiris, while she gave her breasts to her son, Horus, to suckle. As the perfect wife and mother she was worshipped as the goddess of the family. She was the goddess of many names.The agricultural interpretation of the legend of Isis was celebrated annually in remembrance of Osiris’ death, dismemberment and resurrection, and was shown as the body of Osiris with stalks of corn growing from it. The stalks of corn were watered by a priest, "this is the form of him whom one may not name, Osiris of the mysteries who springs from the returning waters (De Iside et Osiride 32). Osiris was identified with the Nile as he had been thrown into its waters, and Isis was identified with the earth and as such she united with and was fertilised annually by Osiris-Nile.
Eventually the Cult of Isis (with Osiris and Horus) was replaced by the Cult of Serapis and this in time spread throughout the Graeco-Roman world and echoes of it reached Britain. As the cult was Hellenised Osiris became known as Serapis and Horus as Harpocrates.
(5) If Alexander the "great"of Macedon planted the seeds of western civilization in the mediterranean.Well the republic of Rome in Itlay provided the cement of European Civilization.This Civilization Machine assimilated all the "barbarians" of the mediterrian basin into one of the largest empires the western world has ever seen.The Senate a govermental institution was democratic in law and a origarchy in pratice.By the 3rd century BC the Romans completed the conquest of Italy.The Romans built roads to connect this large Empire they created.The city of Rome was one of the largest cities in the world with many large buildings and even built a Colosseum a large stadium to entertain the mass population.In 44 BC after the death of Julius Caesar a famous , general and dictator like politican ,the people of Rome elevated his heir Octavian or better known as Augustus (32 BC-14 AD) to be the first Emperor of Rome. Caesar created the 12 month solar or Julian calendar which is the basis for our keeping time today In history BC is said to stand for " before christ" or before Caesar. who really knows? The Roman empire lasted for longer than 1000 years.The memories of subject peoples could easily have forgotten as to the history of thier past.
The Romans and her emperors have filled volumes of books and literature about backstabbing politics,territorial expansion,war after war after war,decandent behaviors of egotistcal rulers and rebellions of unhappy citizens. Sun worship and monotheism definitely find a friend in the Roman Empire.Emperor Varius Evitus variously called Heliogabalus(helio=sun) or Elagabulus (203AD-AD222) a member of the extended Severus family, he was appointed emperor by his influential grandmother when he was fourteen. He was Syrian and made the Syrian sun-god, Sol-Invictus or (the invinicible Sun), the official god of the Roman Empire. The day of this sun god was Sunday. Many modern people still observe celebration of this ancient cult! Sol the Roman word for the sun is phoneticly similar to the word soul a basic christian concept.
The Great Jewish Revolt of (66–70 AD and 132-135 AD) are the defining moments in the monotheistic history.The ancient Egyptian-Hebrew now multi-ethnic nation subdued by the Roman Republic and later smashed to bits by the empire spread about the Mediterrianean sea with the"seeds" of thier religion.The merging of the Cult of Seapis and Isis (Jesus and Mary) in Alexandria with the Hebrew God of Moses let the dispersing Jewish people assume cultural asslimitation into other forigen nations without having to discard thier ancient beliefs.Chrisianity as we shall learn was a brilliant tactical adjustment for cultural survivual! This new religion preaching tolerence spread in the first century by Jewish people converted many non-Jewish people to change thier native religions. having not let the first revolt smash thier hope they began to use a new historical weapon.When "the pen is mightier than the sword"!
From about 6 AD Judea was ruled by Roman procurators, who were responsible for maintaining peace and collecting taxes. Pocketing any amount above the quota had been a regular practice, which led to abuse. The tensions rose higher when pagan Rome took over the Jewish appointment of the High Priest.In 39AD Emperor Gaius Caligula (37 - 41) declared himself a god and ordered his statues to be set up at every temple. The Jews refused, alone in the whole Empire, preparing for armed revolt. Only Caligula's death in 43 ended the disturbance. The revolt began in 66 in Caesarea, provoked by the desecration of local synagogue by the Hellenists, with which the Greek-speaking Roman garrison did not intrude Brutal civil war erupted. Emperor Nero(54 - 68) appointed general Vespasian to quash the rebellion. Vespasian made Caesarea his headquarters and with his legions (60,000 professional soldiers) methodically cleared the coast and the North. Some towns gave up without a fight. By the year 68, Jewish resistance in the North had been crushed.The leaders of collapsed Northern revolt John of Giscala and Simon ben Giora managed to escape to Jerusalem. Brutal civil war erupted: the Zealots and Sicarii executed anyone advocating surrender, and by 68 all the leadership of the southern revolt was dead, all killed by the Jews, none by the Romans.After the death of Nero and with the backing of the army, Vespasian (69 - 79) was proclaimed emperor in 69 and left for Rome to take the throne from Vitellius in a brief Roman civil war. Titus Flavius(79 - 81) , Vespasian's son, led the final assault and siege of Jerusalem. Zealots under Eleazar ben Simon held the Temple, Sicarii led by Simon ben Giora held the upper city.By the summer of 70 the Romans had breached the walls of Jerusalem, ransacking and burning nearly the entire city. The Second Temple was destroyed on Tisha B'Av( 70). John of Giscala surrendered at Herod's fortress of Jotaphta and was brought to Rome for public execution.Some spots of resistance were not vanquished until 73, but they did not affect the outcome of the war. The most notable is Masada, where, according to Josephus, 960 defenders preferred mass suicide to surrender.
At first sympathetic towards the Jews, Hadrian(117-138AD) promised to rebuild Jerusalem, still in ruins after its destruction in 70 as a result of the Great Jewish Revolt. Jews felt betrayed when found out that his intentions were to rebuild it as pagan metropolis, and a new temple on the ruins of the Second Temple was dedicated to Jupiter. Tensions grew even more when Hadrian abolished circumcision (which he viewed as mutilation), and the Bar Kokhba's revolt began in 132. Roman losses were so heavy that Hadrian's report to the Senate omitted the customary formula "I and my army are well." After brutally crushing the revolt in 135 and devastating Judea ( 580,000 Jewish rebels were killed, 50 fortified towns and 985 villages were razed), Hadrian attempted to root out Judaism, which he saw as the cause of continuous rebellions. He prohibited the Torah law(old testament),the Jewish lunar calendar and executed Judaic scholars. The sacred scroll was ceremoniously burned on the Temple Mount. At the former Temple sanctuary he installed two statues, one of Jupiter, another of himself. In an attempt to erase memory of Judea, he wiped the name off the map and replaced it with Syria Palaestina, as insulting reminder of Jews' ancient enemies the Philistines, long extinct by then. He reestablished Jerusalem as the Roman pagan polis of Aelia Capitolina, and Jews were forbidden from entering it. Later they were allowed to mourn their humiliation once a year on Tisha B'Av. Jews remained scattered and stateless until 1948.(6)
Christians in Alexandria were not much noticed and the authorities did little to discover what it was that they believed, in fact they were often mistaken for Jews or for other religious cults,
"Those who worship Serapis are Christians, and those who call themselves bishops of Christ are devoted to Serapis". So said the Emperor Hadrian(117-138), he goes on, "Their one God is nothing peculiar; Christians, Jews and all nations worship him. I wish this body of men was better behaved."
This bad behaviour, apparently, was the Christians and the Jews refusal to worship the emperors.
Well another near east sun worshiping religion has made a in road into rome the religion of Mithras (a sun god) is often portrayed as killing a bull in underground caverns. A conspicuous common symbol bulls and the sun.
The Parthian Empire (190BC-AD224) was created by bands of central Asian swift moving mounted archers.sweeping away the last remains of greek rule. In the first century BC, the Parthians intervened frequently in eastern Mediterranean politics from their capital at Ctesiphon. They clashed with the Romans, gaining respect when they managed to defeat the army of Crassus (53 BC). Having established themselves across most of the old Persian empire, the Parthians became arch-enemies of Rome, whose Eastern campaigns for instance under Trajan (98AD-117AD) and Septimius Severus (193AD-211AD) recorded the death and destruction for the glory of Rome The god of the Parthians was called Mithra. Many of the Parthian kings assumed the name of this god ie: Mithridates II (124BC-87BC). Mithraism apparently originated in the Eastern Mediterranean around the first or second centuries BC. It was practiced in the Roman Empire since the first century BC, and reached its height around the fourth through fifth centuries AD, when it was very popular among the Roman soldiers.The Persian Mithra apparently was the prototype for the Roman god Mithras, which became the object of a popular mystery religion in the Roman Empire. In the Hellenitic culture, Mithra could be identified with Apollo and Helios (Sun). Around the year 200 BC, somewhere in the Eastern Mediterranean (possibly in Phrygia), the figure of Mitra/Helios was transformed into Mithras, the central god of a new syncretic religion, Mithraism. Although this new cult never caught on in the Greek homeland, it was taken to Rome around the 1st century BC by returning soldiers, and became a major religion of the Roman Empire.
The Mithras religion was carried throughout the Roman Empire by her soilders to the border reigons of the Rhine River to the Isle of Britian.The sun god Mithras depicted as a man is often shown killing a bull and ritual meals took place at the religious celebrations.The Mithras religion was a secert initiatory process where one passed through several stages of a Hierarchical Structural Ranking System similar to the military.The worship of Mithra took place in caves underground also like the Christian religion. There is much speculation that Mithraic belief was influenced by Christian beliefs, or vice-versa. Mithraism was the prime competitor to Christianity in the second through the fourth century AD.Bull and cave themes are found in Christian shrines dedicated to the archangel Michael, who, in after the officialization of Christianity, became the patron "Saint" of soldiers. Many of those shrines were converted Mithraea, for instance the sacred cavern at Monte Gargano in Apulia, refounded in 493. It is hard to avoid the conclusion that the Mithras cult was transferred to the previously unvenerated archangel. At Rome, the third century emperors encouraged Mithraism, because of the support which it afforded to the divine nature of monarchs. Mithras, identified with Sol Invictus at Rome, thus became the giver of authority and victory to the Imperial House. From the time of Commodus (180BC-192AD), who participated in its mysteries, its supporters were to be found in all classes.
Crisis and Change in the Third Century
The Crisis of the Third Century is a commonly applied name for the crumbling and near collapse of the Roman Empire between 235 and 275. During this period, Rome was ruled by more than 35 individuals, most of them prominent generals who assumed Imperial power over all or part of the empire, only to lose it by defeat in battle, murder, or death. After 35 years of this, the Empire was on the verge of death, and only the military skill of Aurelian (270AD-275AD) restored the empire to its natural boundaries.The emperor Diocletian(284AD-305AD) began a series of orgaizational reforms within the empire.He divided the number of provinces administered by the empire into smaller areas later called dioceses after Diocletian.This territorial sub-structure was later adopted by the Roman Catholic Church.Then along came Constantine(306-337) who made the Christian religion one of the state religions of the Roman empire. Constantine was was said to had several religiously inspired visions..He was said to had pagan and christian visions of Apollo or Sol Invictus and to have seen the sign of the christian cross in the sky.Eusebius (309-310) was Partriarch for a short time.during this peroid(309-310) Constantine helped to rededicate the Mithraeum at Carnuntum and Sol Invictus was featured on the constantinian coinage of this peroid.Constantine and his colleague Lincinius(308-324) agreed on complete freedom of religion for thier subjects this policy was called the Edict of Milan(313). (7) (8)
Constantine established the precedent that the emperor was Pontifex Maximus (highest priest) of Christians, but he did not abuse his authority. He denied himself the right to try bishops, referred all such cases to a council of bishops, and did not dictate or reverse church council decisions. What was new was the almost automatic secular enforcement of church council decisions.
Constantine chose the city of Byzantium as the new captial of the empire later renamed Constantinople (330AD). Rome had a large temple erected to sol Invictus on the Agrippae an its dedication day was Dec.25th. During his reign he had his son Crispus executed on a false charge of attempted seduction made by his wife the empress Fausta whom Constantine later steamed her to death in a bath. Fear of judgement in the afterlife led Constsntine to be baptized on his deathbed by Eusebius of Nicomedia (337), and his eulogy was delivered by Eusebius of Caesarea, both of whom were "Arians". Constantine stopped the persecution of Christians, made Christianity legal and strongly supported it, but he did not impose it on the empire. He convened the Council of Nicea and initially endorsed the results, but he soon changed his mind about Athanasius and Arius. The Empire was divided between his three sons:Constantius ruled in Gaul, Constans in Italy, and Constantine II became the Emperor of the East. (341) Constantius prohibited public sacrifices to the pagan gods.Constantius II (337-361) found it prudent to change the celebration of the birth of Jesus from the traditional date Jan. 6 to Dec. 25 to match the winter solstice when the earth is farthest away from the sun "Birth of the Sun or Son" .
The names of Eusebius being similar to Elagabulus and the next pope Milziades, Melchiades or Miltiades (311-314) depending on where one wishes to find this reference is very similar to Mithridates a common name of the parthian kings is very conspicuous.
"Worship the sun of god on Sundays, pray for your sol to stay in heaven, if your confused on what you should belive the pope will issue a papal bull to set you straight.And remember to prasie your medieveal Lord or local landowner!"
The preceding sentence was a translation of modern religious speech.
The Downfall Of the Roman Empire And the Ascension Of the Christian Church
The Generational Evolution of the Christian Church in the Medieveal Dark Age (500-1200)
The Hierarchical Structure of civilization has contuionusly exploited the human population from 3000 BC until 313.The memory of past civilizations lay in the ruins of momunental buildings, temples ,and works of art.The Medieveal or Dark Ages(500-1200AD) begins the religious consolidation of the European populations to assimilate the beliefs of the western and eastern forms of Christianty.
The Christian religion began conspicuouly around the time of the Jewish revolts from rome in 70AD. The Jewish people being a small nation with peculiar habits maybe felt threatened or wanted revenge.Thier god chose the Jews as his special people and to hell with everyone else!With thier prejudiced god and customs of only same race marriages and penis multilation not many ancient people understandingly did not get along with them so well. did the Jewish nation create christianity as a buffer against Rome? Anyway the early Christians lived on the edge of death for three hunderd years slowly building a following of sucidual belivers.I would say between 8-10 generations of the early church 100?-313 With the edict of Milan in 313 the Christians went from being hunted to being subsidised by the Roman state! With the Hierarchical Structure of religious and political organizations united only 2-3 generations will pass before the
Edict of 380 when the Christian Church begins to kill and convert others like they had been. But the Christian Church was getting out of control.The Council of Nicaea in 325 sowed the seeds of division in the Christian Church. "To divide and conquer" is a common tactic to disfuse mass tensions in a society.The Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churchs do not seperate officaliy until the 11th century but the Roman Empire has split in two after Theodosis's death in 395 never to be reunited.
The Byzantine Empire(395-1453) or Roman Empire of the East closed all pagan temples and even presecuted the jews once again.The lanaguage of the Byzantine Empire was Greek not latin like the Roman Empire.All the classical learning of the ancient Greeks and Romans was supposealy "lost'" during these dark ages.Many of The classical texts of the ancient world had been destroyed out of blind faith in religious superstition or supression.In 1054 the East & West church split into two as the Latins again changed the Nicenian Creed and used unleavened bread for thier Eucharist.These two church's split because of a few words and a pinch of yeast! In 1204 the Fourth wave of Crusaders even sacked Constantinople buring, raping, pillaging, and looted. 57 years later the Byzantines regained control but the decandence and decay would grip them until the end.What were the so called Dark Ages? There was no serious breakdown of civilization besides the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the slow decay of the Byzantine Empire.The Christian Church continued to exist and Expand.
If you do not belive in generational evolution go and speak to your grandparents or other elderly people before you lose thier wisdom peramently.Elder means "aged and respected" not "old and sickily".In the United States where I live The elders would often remark on the lack of morality and the quality of living. Many of these older people feel that young people do not pay attention to detail and are taking for granted the abundance of food and avalible material wealth that is so carelessly discarded in todays disposable commerical USA culture. In 2004 it has encouraged people to dispose of thier older realitives in nursing homes because many people in a "media programmed society" "do not need" the instruction of thier elders.The mysterious historical evolution of culture has thus far remained so cloudy that the theory of evolution is still debated in 2004!
Constantines reign was a major turning point in world history and a source of controversy.What is the historical precedent here?
That religious and political control was often one and the same force in ancient civilization. In this case the Roman Empire adopted religions to quickly keep happy and assimilate populations and was at most times a cosmopolitan variety to satisify all.The Early Christian Church evolved outside of goverment and when given the protection of the state did not hesitate to use cruel methods to supress all who would not conform to the laws of the church. I would think the Jesus who is depicted in the Gospels would have not have approved in the growth of the church founded in his name.The Hierarchical Structure begins a new evolution. the Western Roman Empire begins to crumble under the "barbarian hordes" completed by the sack of Rome in 476 AD. With the defeat of the Western Roman Empire the Hierarchical PoliticaL Structure was DESTORYED but the Hierarchical Religious Structure remained. The rise of the national goverments of Europe could not have survived or grew without this Hierarchical Religious Structure already in place.The medieveal church's expansion and acclumation of wealth and land comes at the expense of the superstitious peasant.The control of classical learning through book accumalation lets the church reinvent history and erase undesireable events or knowledge.
Early Christianty served the Egyptian-Hebrew people well. Providing a "cover" under which they could pratice thier religion without suspicion from the imperial authoritys.And noting that the Christian religion caused the fragmentation and destruction of the Roman Empire these people must have relished the revenge satifaction.But this infant religion was getting out of control quickly.The literal scripture of " love one anthor" and the kindness of tolerence was being replaced by "witch and heretic" hunting and the materialistic religious pratices that Jesus speaks out against in the New Testament.Under Byzantine,Christian king,and clerical domination Jew and "pagan" alike were being overtaxed, harassed ,forcefully converted,expelled and killed.This medieveal peroid(500-1250AD) saw the Egyptian-Hebrew safely reside and worship unmolested in Babylonia.Under the Persian Dyansty of the Sassanian Empire (226-650).
Just north of the Mesopotania's Sassanian Empire in the area between the Black and Caspian sea's just over the Caucasus mountain range a little known but highly debated country was known to exist.The Empire of Khazaria (652-1016) has been known through Byzantine and Islamic writings.This country adopted Judasim as its offical religion but tolerated all ethnic people to live in thier empire.The ruling class and the Khazar people were thought to be Centeral Asian or Turkish in origin.(9) Many of the Khazars fled this empire after thier defeat by Keiv Russia in the 11th century.Historians debate the ethnic "purity" of East European and Russian Jews saying that many are not Semitic or Native Middle Eastern and that many of them are Turkish or Khazarian.This Khazarian Map of 900 AD ( The Khazar nation is shown on the far right of the map) details the ethnic diversity of Europe's people in 900 AD & can be found at the www.lib.utexas.edu historical shepherd map collection.
The Jewish-Egyptian-and or Khazarian people homeless for certaint after 1016 and lacking the defense a nation-state could provide were constantly on the move and fleeing repressive religious consoliditation or eradication. In Babylonia the Jewish people were tolerated and prospered and centeraly located to launch the failed Khazarian conversion but to south in Arabia a third new monothestic religion would swiftily conquer most of the lower Medterranean world For Allah or the Jewish God.
ISLAM
This sorry step child of Egypitan monothiesm Judasim somehow managed to spawn Christianity and after Christianity began to destory Judiasm Islam magicaly appeared to counterbalance Christianity. Mohammed(570AD-632AD), A Arab, announced his being the last prophet "inspired by God". Mohammed created Islam in 622 (year one to Muslims). Islam spread like a wildfire from Mecca and Medina located on the Arabic pennsula in under 100 years this unified Hierarchical PoliticaL & Religious Structure reached the river indus in India (712) and the Pryennes Mountain range bordering France in (725).Facing eradication from Islam the western church mobilized the"memories" of the Roman Empire by crowning Charlemage(771-814)as a "Roman Emperor" on Christmas Day in (800) and the creation of the Holy Roman Empire (843-1806) was to build egos for pre-German national leaders to defend the people of the "true faith".
Islam in relation to Judaism and Christianity
According to Islam, followers of Judaism and Christianity accidentally or deliberately altered the true word of God, and thus led all of their believers down a false path.In (691) Abd al-Malik builds The Dome of the Rock , A shrine and not a mosque, it is the third holiest place in Islam after the Ka’aba in Mecca and the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina.One of the ornate inscriptions affirms that God is One and not Three; and that Jesus was an Apostle of God and His Word, and not His son.From a religious perspective, traditionalists would argue that the dietary rules for Islam and for Judaism are very similar because they come from the same God, and thus express the same underlying concepts of holiness. Historians would say that Islam sprang from Judaism, adapting much of Jewish tradition. The two religions, in fact, have lots more in common than politicians or hate-mongers would dare to admit.There is no "reason" given for any of the dietary prohibitions in either religion--why is this class of animal permitted and that class not? The only reasons are that God commands it or tradition imposes it. Judasim and Islam both adhere to a ancient lunar calaendar developed by the Assyrians, Babylonians, Egyptians.Unlike early Christianty Arabic Islam was the "sword of rightiousneess" that overran almost all the civilizations they encountered.Islamic tolerence for Jews and Christians let these fellow "people of the book" remain unmolested in thier empires.But before long the Islamic state lacking the unity of all the Arabs became fragmented and easily more controled than the later unified Roman political Christian institution.
The Sunni And Shiite Division
Ali (656-661) is the central figure at the origin of the Shia / Sunni split which occurred in the decades immediately following the death of the Prophet in 632.Ali the cousin and son-in-law of Mohammed was the second person belived to embrace Islam as a religious faith.Some followers of Islam belived the prophets successor should be chosen by tribal consensus (nomadic arabic self-goverment) and they named one of Muhammad's inner circle as the first Caliph or spirtiual leader.but others thought the successor should come directly from the prophet's family (Ali).Over the next 24 years Ali attracted a group of disciples and finally became the fourth caliph and his leadership was challenged by tribal Arabs who resented his following among the Persians.Ali was assassinated just five years later.Ali's grief stricken followers who would later become Shiites granted his dying wish by tying his body to a camel and burying him where ever it stopped,which happened to be Najaf.A mosque and a shrine were later erected over his tomb and the site became one of the holliest places in Shiite Islam.
The line of Mohammed through Ali and Hussein became extinct in 873CE when the last Shia Imam, Al-Askari, who had no brothers disappeared within days of inheriting the title at the age of four. The Shias refused, however, to accept that he had died, preferring to believe that he was merely "hidden" and would return. When after several centuries this failed to happen, spiritual power passed to the Ulema, a council of twelve scholars who elected a supreme Imam. The best known modern example of the Shia supreme Imam is the late Ayyatollah Khomeni of Iran, whose portrait hangs in many Shia homes. The Shia Imam has come to be imbued with Pope-like infallibility and the Shia religious hierarchy is not dissimilar in structure and religious power to that of the Catholic Church within Christianity.Sunni Islam, in contrast, more closely resembles the myriad independent churches of American Protestantism. Sunnis do not have a formal clergy, just scholars and jurists, who may offer non-binding opinions. Shias believe that their supreme Imam is a fully spiritual guide, inheriting some of Muhammad's inspiration ("light") . Their imams are believed to be inerrant interpreters of law and tradition. Shia theology is distinguished by its glorification of Ali. In Shia Islam there is a strong theme of martyrdom and suffering, focusing on deaths of Ali and, particularly, Hussein plus other important figures in the Shia succession. Shi`ism attracted other dissenting groups, especially representatives of older non-Arab (Mawali) civilizations (Persian, Indian, etc.) that felt they had not been treated fairly by the Arab Muslims.
Expansion of Islamic Civilization
(5) Muawiyah of the Umayyad family leader of the Sunnites proclaimed himself Caliph in 660. Thus began the Umayyad Caliphate (660-750).Damascus in modern Syria was the capital. Shiite oppostion to the Umayyad Dyansty remained strong with a revolt in iraq (685-7).from these easten rebels came Abu'l Abbas (said to be the great-grandson of a cousin of mohammed) overthrew the Umayyed Empire and founded the Abbasid Caliphate (750-1228) who moved the captial to Baghdad (near ancient Babylonia) in Iraq. At baghdad the Caliphate began to emulate Persian customs meanwhile the rest of the muslim world fell away from the Abbasid influnence and separate Muslim states appeared in Morocoo,Tunis, Spain,and Egypt. A remaining Umayyad founded the Umayyad Emirate(756-1031) in Spain.The Fatimid Caliphate(910-1171) was founded in Egypt (Cairo).At Baghdad power began gradually fell into the hands of the Seljuk Turkish soilders when they took power in 1055.But the Mongol horsemen thundered out of Asia and destroyed the Caliphate in 1228.
The Ottomam Empire (1350-1918) was born from the remaining Seljuk Turkish population.They gradually eroded the Byzantine Empire in Asia Minor and Eastern Europe.The final defeat of the Serbian culture at the Battle of Kossovo in 1389 is a testament to eastern Islamic influence in Europe for 600 years.The relations between Serbian and Muslim Albanians is being policed by Nato and United Nation troops in 2004.The Ottoman leaders were called Sultans.Mohammed II(1451-1481) led the final seige on the fortified walls of Constantinople in 1453.The Ottomans were noted in using gun powder as artillery to destroy fortifications.
Then Christians created the Crusades and Islam created Jhiads.The people of these religons were told to destroy each other because the same god (who all three belive in) told them to? The history of modern banking begins in the dark ages and is directly involved in each and every war that has followed.The ancient monothiests who still live silently in modern civilization hold the puppet strings of the goverments like toys in a game.The ancient monothiests created these two stepchildren religions for protection from eradication. Jews in southern Europe and Asia Minor lived under the often intolerant rule of Christian Kings and clerics (700-1250). Most Jews lived in the Muslim Arab realms of (Palenstine, North Africa, Babylonia). Despite periods of persecution, Jewish communal and cultural life flowered in this period.
(First Crusade 1096-1099) ( Crusaders take Jerusalem 1099) (Second Crusade 1147-1149) (Saladin captures Jerusalem 1187)
(Third Crusade 1189-1192) and on and on........
Islamic religion incorporates repetitive ritual prayer into dailiy worshiping activitys.Kneeling,standing,sitting,and bowing, postures seem to reach across multi-religions and blend easily into the multi-racial character of Islamic appeal. Muslims have been noted as praying between 3-5 times a day.The most important times to pray are noted as Sunrise,Noon,and Sunset.All Muslims must physicaly face Mecca when praying? Looking at the institution of prayer in Islam from another angle, it is intriguing to note how well organised, disciplined and demanding it is.Fasting for Muslims takes place in month of Ramahan.All Muslims who are physicaly strong enough must not eat or drink between sunrise and sunset.Islam and Judism share many similar features.The belief in one god,dietry laws,lunar calaendar observances.Islam even promotes the faith as being a correction of Judiac and Christian scripture.Islam as being a spin off of Christianity and Judaism supports my theory of Generational Evolution in Hierarchical Religious Structures. which stated plainly is the adaptation of religious laws,pratices, rituals to consolidate population control.
The Big Three
After the Islamic revolution in religion no other ancient religions are revised re-symboled or created to gather the faithful flocks of western civilized humanity.Division of the three monothiesic religions will dilute the political power and influence among some populations. In the 16th century Martin Luther(1483-1546) of Germany posted 95 theses to a door of a church on October 31st 1517 to protest the Catholic Churchs sale of "indulgences" which were written receipts granting forgivness from sin. he started the Reformation movement which gave birth to Protestantism.The(1400-1600) centurys is marked as the Rennaissance where classical texts begin to be "rediscovered" and influnence writers and politicans.The Art world explodes into realistic sculpture and painting reviving some non-religious pagan themes as subjects. (1600-1800) begins the Era of Enlightenment or Age of Reason. Scientific research is encouraged and not denounced as sorcery.Intellectual logical thinking begins to appear in printed literature.The fear and superstition of Religious control begins to be understood.The 17th and 18th centurys usher in industrialized Urbanization and political revolutions that dethrones Kings, Queens, and Emperors all across Europe. We shall skip ahead into the modern strugle for the Middle East to finish this monothiestic history.The United States page shall have detailed information on the US Corporate industrialization( or money=goverment=religion) beginning after the Civil War(1861-1865). As of 2004, Christianity was the world's most widely accepted religion, with 2.0 billion adherents (followed by Islam with 1.2 billion, Hinduism with 841 million, and the nonreligious with 774 million).So the three main monothestic religions(Judasim,Christianty,Islam) have at least half of the earth (3 billion people) following ancient Sun worshiping superstitions.No wonder why many people feel indifferent towards global warming.
The Middle East Power Struggle
As current events occur and history or life is lived the media uses lanaguage in particular to choose words to emotionly charge or diffuse your comprehension of the events you are being told.Some Examples of this "right"and"wrong" cultural programming process is Good or evil, Revolutionary or Terrorist ,Insurgent or Freedom-Fighter,Ouccupied Territory or Imperialistic Colony,Refugee or Concentration camps,Security fence or Separation barrier.These terms are used to label people or organizations as right or wrong.The historical treatment of Jewish populations has been unkind from a humamistic point of view but who will personaly justifiy the violent policy of assassination and genocide to secure physical national borders.But the media often tells us that the Palestinians (ancient Hebrew's enemies mentioned in the bible) is modern Israels enemy in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Ancient Judea or Israel was renamed Palestine by the Romans for causing trouble in a revolt.The modern day Palestinians are a Semitic people or Arabic.The so called Semitic Jewish colonists do not feel troubled by slaughtering fellow countrymen with the same DNA structure as themselves. They simpily label these people as ancient religious enemys to fool half the world that "Gods" chosen people belong in the holy land or maybe the Jewish colonists know they aren't really Jewish according to some theorys for Khazrian and Russian roots for modern Hebrew populations .Either way A lack of compasion and tolerence for thier neighbors after the centurys of Islamic kindness showed to the Hebrew people seems strange?
People have short memories for compassion and hold a long "Bottled Up" haterd for revenge. The modern Zionist's(1948)"Hebrew" State of Israel has not forgotten the holocaust done to them! These people kill Muslims and Arabs only 2 generations after the World War II(1939-1945).The German people lost the first World War and started the second because they were in massive national debt so the holocaust was a overreaction against the traditional banking and money lending class the Jewish population and of course a inferiority complex for having "lost" the first war.This same inferiority complex is visibile in the treatment of the native population of Arabic or Semetic people.The term Anti-Semitie was created to mean a prejudiced statment or haterd for the Jewish people but if all Arabic and Jewish people are suppossedly Semeitic then these "Jewish" people are anti-Semitic themselves for placing these "Palestinians" in refugee camps more like low security poverty stricken concentration camps similar to early Indian Reservations being confinded in desert or other unwanted enviroments. The physical model for modern concentration camps was invented by the Americans.
The Old Testament bible is nothing but ancient religiously inspired military history and ethinic religious beliefs does not justifiy thier stupid nation or assassination of opposing political parties .
Modern Islam has outlived it's use and currently sits upon the largest reserve of crude oil left on Earth the State of Israel is united with the United States and right wing religious organizations within the US.A International survey was made for the 2004 US election by The Guardian ,a British newspaper,asking people living in different countries who they would want to see as the next United States President.The State of Israel and Russia were the only countries where thier citizens would wish to have Georie "Burning" Bush the II get to serve 4 more years.This informational survey would prove that the Khazarian Turk and the "Jewish setteler" are supporting the Republican war machine for defence of thier strip of useless land in the Middle East.For too long evil people have hidden behind the smokescreen of religion to justifiy killing. The State of Israel is not labeled a terrorist organization for using moneys from religious charitys like Islamic organizations are. The Taliban hailing from Afghanistan is the largest producer of heroin in the world.The biggest market for heroin is the United States.Who's the hero in heroin?who would have thought that US taxpayers would support Afghanistan's farmers? The current terror wars are about the terror of not meeting the demand for oil, heroin ,and the need to open the Middle East for the growing cancer of the capitalistic corporation.
